How should workers be protected in excavations?

Workers should be protected in excavations primarily through the use of proper shoring. Shoring involves the installation of supports to prevent soil collapse and protect workers from potential cave-ins, which are among the most significant hazards in excavation work.

When excavations are made, the surrounding soil can become unstable, especially if it is not properly managed. Shoring systems, which can include various methods and materials, are crucial for creating a safe work environment. This approach not only safeguards the workers directly involved in the excavation but also minimizes the risk of accidents related to soil movement.

In addition to shoring, other safety measures like wearing helmets (which primarily protect against falling objects) or scaffolding (used mainly for vertical construction rather than excavation) are also important but do not address the specific risks associated with excavation directly. Hiring a supervisor is beneficial for ensuring overall safety practices and compliance but does not provide the physical protection that shoring does.

Thus, in the context of excavation safety, proper shoring is essential for protecting workers from the inherent dangers of working in and around dug-out areas.