In plumbing practice, what is the purpose of the 45-degree fitting?

The purpose of a 45-degree fitting in plumbing is to provide a gradual bend in the pipeline. This type of fitting allows for a smooth transition between sections of pipe when a change in direction is needed, minimizing flow turbulence and reducing the possibility of clogs. By using a 45-degree angle, water can flow more freely compared to sharper angles, such as those found in 90-degree fittings. This is particularly important in maintaining efficient drainage systems and ensuring that wastewater moves smoothly through the pipes without excessive resistance. This type of fitting is often favored in installations where a gentle maneuver is advantageous over abrupt turns, contributing to the overall longevity and effectiveness of the plumbing system.