What is the appropriate means of guarding excavations apart from sloping the ground?

The correct means of guarding excavations, aside from sloping the ground, is through the use of shoring systems. Shoring involves the installation of supports to prevent collapse or cave-ins in trenching and excavation sites. It is a necessary safety measure that provides structural integrity to the sides of an excavation, allowing workers to safely enter and work within the site.

Shoring systems come in various forms, such as hydraulic, mechanical, or timber supports, and they are critical in deeper excavations where the risk of wall failure is greater. By employing shoring systems, contractors can significantly minimize the risk of accidents, ensuring the safety of workers engaged in excavation tasks.

In contrast, manual barriers and posting warnings may help inform people about potential hazards but do not provide physical support against collapse. Excavating at night poses additional risks without enhancing safety and visibility, which can lead to increased accidents. Thus, the most effective and appropriate method for protecting excavations, aside from sloping, is through the implementation of shoring systems.